About Egypt

Egypt officially: the Arab Republic of Egypt ) is an Arab country located in the northeastern corner of the continent of Africa, and it has an Asian extension, where the Sinai Peninsula is located within the continent of Asia. It is a transcontinental country, with an estimated population of 104 million people, to be ranked thirteenth Among the countries of the world in terms of population and the most Arab population . The Arab Republic of Egypt has long coastlines on the White and Red Bahrain, and it shares borders with seven countries. The area of ​​the Arab Republic of Egypt is about 1,002,000 square kilometers . The populated area of 78 990 km 2 by 7.8% of the total area . Egypt is divided administratively into 27 Governorates, and each governorate is divided into smaller administrative divisions, which are centers or divisions.

The majority of Egypt's population is concentrated in the Nile Valley and in urban areas it constitutes the valley of the Nile Delta and less than 4% of the total area of the country , about 33,000 km 2 , and the largest population blocs are Greater Cairo that almost a quarter of the population, followed by Alexandria; Most of the rest of the population also lives in the delta and on the coasts of the Mediterranean, the Red Sea and the cities of the Suez Canal. These areas occupy an area of 40,000 square kilometers . While the uninhabited desert constitutes the majority of the country's area .

Islamic history

The Islamic era is considered one of the most important eras that Egypt has gone through throughout history because of the profound doctrinal, political and social transformations that it brought about in the structure of Egypt, the state and the people . That era lasted for about eight and a half centuries, beginning with the Islamic conquest of Egypt by Amr ibn al-Aas in 641 AD during the caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs. Ali bin Abi Talib, then Damascus during the Umayyad state, then Mecca during the short Zubairy caliphate, then Damascus again, and finally to Kufa, Samarra and Baghdad during the Abbasid state, until Egypt became the seat of the Abbasid caliphate in the era of the towering Mamluks until the Mamluk state fell with The Ottoman invasion in 1517 AD .

Islam in Egypt

According to the Egyptian constitution, Islam is the official religion of the country, and recognizes the rights of followers of three religions: Judaism, Christianity and Islam . The majority of Egypt's population is Muslims from the Sunnis and the community, and most of the minority are Christians from the Coptic Orthodox, and other minorities from Christian denominations beside the Jews . It also appears in the country that followers of other unrecognized religions and sects, especially that the periodic population statistics in the country do not include statistics on followers of religions and sects since the 1986 census , where this census stated that Muslims represent 94% of the total population .

The most important religious institutions operating in the country : Al - Azhar Mosque , which was founded in 972 ( since 1049 years ) ; Which is considered one of the most important pillars of Sunni Islam in the world, and is currently held by the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar, Ahmed Al-Tayeb .